antigenic variation sentence in Hindi
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- Other parasites are known to engage in their own renditions of antigenic variation.
- Many genes involved in antigenic variation are located in the subtelomeric regions of the chromosomes.
- Antigenic variation is common among pathogenic organisms.
- Due to transcriptional switching between " var " genes, antigenic variation occurs which enables immune evasion by the parasite.
- The antigenic variation of the knob proteins is only one aspect of the parasite's Rube Goldbergian approach to life.
- Antigenic variation is a characteristic shared by the Salivaria, which has been particularly well-studied in " T . congolense ".
- This tremendous complexity allows the parasite to constantly change its surface and thus evade the immune system through antigenic variation.
- Some antigenic variation can occur within subgroups, and all strains are oncogenic, but oncogenicity and the ability to replicate varies between subgroups.
- This process, called antigenic variation, allows the spirochaete to evade the host s immune response and cause relapsing episodes of fever and other symptoms.
- Developing a vaccine is very difficult because the spirochetes avoid the immune response of the infected person ( or animal ) through antigenic variation.
- Important questions about antigenic variation are also relevant for such research areas as developing a vaccine against HIV and predicting the next influenza pandemic.
- In fact, it was while searching for the chloroquine-resistance gene in the parasite that Wellems came upon the candidate genes for its antigenic variation trick.
- Some functions of the type IV pili include : mediating attachment to various cells and tissues, twitching motility, natural competence, microcolony formation, extensive intrastrain phase, and antigenic variation.
- Recent research on many vaccines, including the malaria vaccine, has focused on how to anticipate this diversity and create vaccinations that can cover a broader spectrum of antigenic variation.
- Antigenic variation may be classified into two types, antigenic drift that results from a change in few amino acids and antigenic shift which is the outcome of acquiring new structural proteins.
- The human immunodeficiency virus is hastier and sloppier in its more random antigenic variation, simply mutating so frequently that it always looks different to the T cells that go after it.
- "When you see that much DNA being taken up by antigenic variation, you know it's doing something damned important for the parasite, " said Dr . Thomas E . Wellems, a co-worker of Miller and a senior author of two of the other new papers.
- The mammalian bloodstream forms are notable for their variant surface glycoprotein coats, which undergo remarkable antigenic variation, enabling persistent evasion of host adaptive immunity and chronic infection . " T . brucei " is one of only a few pathogens that can cross the blood brain barrier.
- The spirochetes may avoid the immune response by decreasing expression of surface proteins that are targeted by antibodies, antigenic variation of the VlsE surface protein, inactivating key immune components such as complement, and hiding in the extracellular matrix, which may interfere with the function of immune factors.
- The formation of mosaic " VSG " s allows the ( partial ) expression of pseudogene " VSG " s, which can constitute the major portion of the " VSG " archive, and can contribute directly to antigenic variation, vastly increasing the trypanosome's capacity for immune evasion and potentially posing a major problem for vaccine development.
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